Volcanic 'scream' precedes explosive eruptions


Redoubt eruption in 2009 AVO/USGS
A change in the frequency of earthquakes may foretell explosive volcanic eruptions, according to a new study.
The seismic activity changes from steady drum beats to increasingly rapid successions of tremors.
These blend into continuous noise which silences just before explosion.

19 firefighters die in forest fires in Arizona

19 US firefighters have been killed battling a wildfire in central Arizona .
They died while fighting the blaze threatening the town of Yarnell, about 80 miles  north-west of Phoenix.
The fire was started by lightning on Friday and has spread rapidly to 2,000 acres (800 ha) amid high heat, low humidity and strong winds.
Arizona and other parts of the western US - including California - had near-record temperatures over the weekend.








  • A fire needs fuel, oxygen and heat to burn. The fire threatening the town of Yarnell was started by lightning and spread rapidly in the very hot, dry conditions, fanned by strong winds
  • The fastest-moving and most dangerous part of the fire is known as the "head". Areas ahead of the fire are warmed as it approaches and flying embers blown by the wind spark spot fires, which cause it to leap further ahead
  • Some vegetation or fuel will burn quicker than others and this creates "fingers" of flame which, in turn, create pockets of land surrounded by fire, making it harder to tackle
  • Fires travel faster uphill than downhill, as the heat and smoke rise, heating areas higher up the hill and wind currents also tend to blow uphill, pushing the flames further. Burning embers may roll downhill, starting new fires




Oldest man in history Jiroemon Kimura dies at 116

Jiroemon Kimura smiling as he celebrates his 116th birthday at his residence in Kyotango city in Kyoto prefecture, western Japan, 19 April 2013


A Japanese man recognised as the world's oldest living person, and the oldest man recorded in history, has died aged 116, local officials say.
Jiroemon Kimura died of natural causes on Wednesday in a hospital in Kyotango, Kyoto, a government statement said.
In December, Guinness World Records recorded Mr Kimura as the oldest man ever verified to have lived.
He reportedly had seven children, 14 grandchildren, 25 great-grandchildren, and 13 great-great-grandchildren.


Three thousand people have been forced to flee their homes as a huge wildfire sweeps across part of southern California.
The blaze has burnt more than 45 square miles of land and is being tackled by more than 2,000 firefighters.
Officials have warned that it may be some days before the blaze will be under control.

Oklahoma tornado: Dozens killed in Moore

http://www.geek.com/news/birth-of-the-devastating-may-20-oklahoma-tornado-caught-on-video-1555873/

 
At least 91 people, including 20 children, are feared to have been killed by a huge tornado which tore through Oklahoma City suburbs, officials in the US state say.
Worst hit was Moore, south of the city, where neighbourhoods were flattened and schools destroyed by winds of up to 200mph (320km/h).
About 120 people are being treated in hospitals.
President Barack Obama has declared a major disaster in Oklahoma.
He also ordered federal authorities to join in the search efforts which have continued throughout the night.
There is lightning in the sky above Moore, flickering on and off every 10 or 20 seconds; at ground level the only light is from the blue and red flashing lights of emergency vehicles and the bright portable lights with generators at their bases.
It is deceptively calm; insects chirrup in the background. Everywhere is covered in a light spray of soggy debris and a film of mud.
At the deserted Moore police station, cars are spattered with mud. Larger concrete structures are still standing - a cinema, a supermarket, reminders of what there was before the tornado struck.
But houses, offices and shops have been torn apart by the force of the winds that ripped through here, sturdy telephone poles snapped at their bases, street signs sent flying.
And most disconcerting - though unsurprising - is the complete absence of any residents.

Monday's twister hit Moore, a suburb of about 55,000 people, at 15:01 (20:01 GMT) and remained on the ground for about 45 minutes.
The official death toll is 51, but local authorities say the figure is expected to rise as another 40 bodies have been found.
At least 20 children were among the dead, the Oklahoma chief medical examiner's office said.
Plaza Towers Elementary school took a direct hit: the storm tore off the building's roof and knocked down walls.
"The school was flattened. The walls were pancaked in," Oklahoma's Lieutenant Governor Todd Lamb told the BBC.
"There's still roughly two dozen children that are missing. There have been some bodies recovered from that school and it's absolutely horrific and devastating."
Another school - Briarwood Elementary - was also damaged, and teachers were later seen leading pupils out to safety.

Map of Moore, Oklahoma 20 May 2013
The storm destroyed several areas, leaving a tangle of ruined buildings, piles of broken wood, overturned and crushed cars, and fires in some places.
The BBC's Alastair Leithead in Oklahoma says many tornadoes in the region hit the open plain, but this one struck a residential area.
Many houses are built on hard ground without basements, so residents did not have recourse to shelter, our correspondent adds.
'School coming apart'
"We locked the cellar door once we saw it coming, it got louder and next thing you know is you see the latch coming undone," survivor Ricky Stover said.
"We couldn't reach for it and it ripped open the door and just glass and debris started slamming on us and we thought we were dead, to be honest."
 
The damage wrought by the tornado was "unlike anything that I've ever seen before," said Rick Smith of the National Weather Service
Melissa Newton, another survivor, said: "There's shingles and pieces of sheet rock and wood in our yard and all across our neighbourhood. Some homes are completely gone. It's devastating."
James Rushing said he had hurried to Plaza Towers Elementary School, where his foster son Aiden was a pupil, to see it destroyed by the storm.
"About two minutes after I got there, the school started coming apart," he told the Associated Press news agency.
 
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